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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, the most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD seem to regulate brain chemicals and increase their levels. However, they cannot cure the condition and will only help manage symptoms as long as they are used regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure and heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Certain teens and children who take stimulant medications have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and the most commonly prescribed drug to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety forms, including a liquid, chewable tablet as well as a long-acting oral disintegrating tablet, and an extended-release pill. The drug boosts the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. This can help improve concentration. It can also help reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. When coupled with other treatments, like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate can be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters normally from the brain. The drug could cause an increase in heart rate or blood pressure. It may also trigger rapid changes in blood sugar levels, so those with diabetes must be aware when taking this medication. If you have any of these side effects, speak to your doctor. Methylphenidate can also cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena that causes numbness as well as pain in the toes and fingers. This is a rare but serious side effect. It is crucial to notify your doctor in the event that these symptoms develop. Some people are concerned that methylphenidate may slow the growth of children. However this hasn't been proved. If your child is taking methylphenidate, make sure you be aware of their weight and height. If your child is taking tablets containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it could be harmful to children suffering from Phenylketonuria. Consult your physician about a different formulation of methylphenidate if you have PKU. Certain people have issues with stimulants which are the primary choice of medication for treating ADHD. In these cases, doctors could prescribe a different medication that functions in a similar way. Besides methylphenidate, there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These substances can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. They are usually taken twice to three times a day However, some people take them more frequently. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however, they are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration, while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a category called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of norepinephrine and dopamine two chemical messengers that regulate brain's activity. It is popular among adults and children who seek a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine does not work immediately. It could take up to six weeks before the effects of this medication become apparent. There are also side effects such as drowsiness and nausea. However the benefits of atomoxetine surpass the risks for many patients. In a double-blind placebo controlled study of 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18, the effectiveness of atomoxetine was verified. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine as well as placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The treatment group with atomoxetine showed more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. see it here was sporadic. In a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants received atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvements in ADHD symptoms in comparison to placebo, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Screening version rated and the Clinical Global Impression of Severity scales gaining significant. However, one patient developed a rash and withdrew from the study. Three patients also reported temporary digestive symptoms, and one patient noticed an increase in fatigue. Talk to your doctor before you begin treatment with atomoxetine regarding your medical history, which includes any supplements or medications you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medications. Tell your doctor if any of the following conditions exist such as narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid or adrenal gland tumour; high blood pressure; heart disease or a history sudden death. Also, avoid atomoxetine if taken an MAO inhibitor like isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, rasagiline, phenelzine or tranylcypromine in the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant drug that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It can also decrease the impulsivity of children and improve focus. However, it does not affect the brain in the same way that stimulants do. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the most appropriate dosage for you. Bupropion is available as tablets and capsules. It is essential to follow the instructions. If you stop taking it suddenly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. The most common dosage is two or three doses daily divided by 4-6 hours. The dose can vary from 100mg two or three times a day to 150mg three or four time each day. The drug is absorbed in the digestive tract and eliminated into urine, meaning it can't enter breast milk. It can, however, be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion increases blood pressure. It is essential to check it frequently. In addition to improving the symptoms of ADHD, bupropion can also reduce depression. It can also treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. This stops the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other medications It's therefore important to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's important to let your doctor know if suffer from any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants since they can make side effects worse. Numerous studies have compared bupropion with placebos in adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and the majority of them were not conducted properly. A majority of these studies excluded people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. The research suggests that bupropion does have a modest impact on ADHD. More research is required to determine the positive effects for patients, such as an improvement in the quality of living. Before effective treatments can be created it is crucial to gain a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the connection between different molecular pathways. Furthermore, it's essential to understand how different anti-ADHD agents work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD are not effective or cause side negative effects. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), are effective in boosting the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to help people focus. These are older medications that may have a number of side effects, so they're usually only used after other medications have failed. The first option for antidepressants in depression is usually a serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, that have been in use for decades, may still be utilized in certain instances. These medications are also effective in treating neuropathic pain and provide a pain-relieving effect that is distinct from their antidepressant properties. They enhance noradrenephrine through inhibiting its reuptake and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also less harmful during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic to humans or animals. However, they may cause severe withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. Your doctor may recommend slowly decreasing the dosage over several weeks to minimize these effects. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant off-label for ADHD. It's thought to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain to increase concentration. It also has been proven to reduce anxiety and can be used in conjunction with stimulants for more rapid and long-lasting results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved nonstimulant drugs for ADHD, many people do get relief from the use of nutritional supplements and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Similarly, eliminating caffeine may be beneficial for some. Inform your doctor about all medications you or your child are taking such as herbal remedies and over-the-counter medicines. This will minimize unwanted side effects as well as prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect individuals differently. It could take a bit of trial and error before you find the right dosage and drug for your child or yourself.